Licinia Eudoxia was the only daughter of Athenaïs and
Theodosius
II who ruled the Eastern part of the Empire. Eudoxia married
Valentinianus III Emperor of
the West on October 29, 437 in Thessalonica. This marriage was seen
a possibility to strengthen the relations between the two parts
of the empire. In 439 Eudoxia was appointed Augusta, and in the
same year her first daughter
Eudocia was
born. Later on Eudoxia and
Valentinianus
III had a second daughter
Placidia
but, as Vegetius tells, in spite of the extraordinary beauty of
his wife, one of the main occupations of
Valentinianus
was to enjoy his time especially indulging in affairs with the wives
of someone else.
In 455
Valentinianus III was
killed and Eudoxia, although against his accession to the throne,
was forced to marry
Petronius Maximus
the successor of her husband and probably among the instigators
of the killers.
Petronius was proclaimed
Emperor by the Senate, without getting acknowledgement by the Emperor
of the East
Marcianus therefore he had
the necessity to legitimate his power and got Eudocia promised as
bride to his son Pallante. Licinia Eudoxia asked
Gaiseric,
the king of the Vandals, to help, taking advantage of the fact
Eudocia
had been previously promised to Huneric, his son.
Gaiseric armed his men and announced
his march against Rome. Emperor
Petronius
Maximus did not prepare the defence of the city and decided
to escape with his court advising the Senate to do the same. But
while marching towards the city limits, the cortege was assaulted
by the mobs throwing stones and the Emperor hit and killed.
Gaiseric
took Rome and sacked the town for a couple of weeks. Licinia Eudoxia
and her daughters
Eudocia and
Placidia
were taken to Carthage, where later on
Eudocia
married Huneric as originally promised. In 462 Eudoxia was allowed
to go back to Constantinople, where the second daughter
Placidia
married
Anicius Olybrius, who in 472
was for a short time Emperor of the East. Licinia Eudoxia stayed
in the court of Constantinople where died around 493 at the age
of seventy.