Younger sister of
Iulia Maesa, wife
of
Septimius Severus and mother
of
Caracalla and
Geta.
Writers and sclptors magnified her beauty and her intelligence.
She was 40 when her husband died and she kept exerting a strong
influence on the political life. She was interested in philosophical
and literary studies, she animated a cultural salon where jurists,
doctors, writers and artists used to meet. She always kept high
the name of her family and took a great care in the education of
her sons. She accompanied
Septimius
Severus in Britain. She was widely honored with inscriptions
throughout this period, and numerous coin issues emphasized her
imperial position. In 212 she did her best and even more to reconcile
her sons that were reigning together without a real agreement. She
saw
Geta die in her arms murdered by order
of
Caracalla covered with
Geta's
blood, she was forbidden by
Caracalla
to grieve. She took over the administration of the empire while
her survived son took care of the military expeditions. She accompanied
Caracalla to the east on campaign against
the Parthians in 217; when
Macrinus killed
her son and seized the throne he sent her away from
Antioch,
and rather than face exile and the humiliation of being reduced
to the status of a private citizen, she decided to die refusing
to take food. Her remains were ultimately placed in
Hadrian's
Mausoleum, at the insistence of
Iuila Maesa,
her sister. She was deified, and was known as Diva Iulia Domna or
Diva Iulia Augusta. She was worshipped in various parts of the empire
with local titles, such as Dea Caelestis in
Carthage
and Venus Caelestis in
Pozzuoli.